A into yokufudumeza isifudumezi samanziisebenza ngokutyhala umbane ngekhoyili yentsimbi. Le khoyili imelana nokuhamba, ngoko ishushu ngokukhawuleza kwaye ifudumeza amanzi. Malunga ne-40% yamakhaya ase-US asebenzisa iisifudumezi samanzi sombane. Itheyibhile engezantsi ibonisa ukuba angakanani amandla ainto yokufudumeza amanzi ashushuinga sebenzisa ngonyaka:
| Umlinganiselo wamandla (kW) | Ukusetyenziswa kwemihla ngemihla (iiyure) | Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ngonyaka (kWh) |
|---|---|---|
| 4.0 | 3 | 4,380 |
| 4.5 | 2 | 3,285 |
Izinto eziphambili zokuThatha
- Into yokufudumeza isifudumezi samanzi isebenzisa umbane ohamba kwikhoyili yentsimbi ukwenza ubushushu, obufudumeza amanzi ngokufanelekileyo nangokukhuselekileyo.
- Ukukhetha izixhobo ezifanelekileyo kunyeukugcina into yokufudumeza, njengokuthintela ukwakhiwa kweeminerali kunye nokujonga ukudibanisa, inceda isifudumezi sihlale ixesha elide kwaye sisebenze ngcono.
- Ukugcinwa rhoqo kunyeusebenzisa uhlobo oluchanekileyo lwesiqalelogcina amandla, ukunciphisa iindleko, kwaye ugcine amanzi akho ashushu ethembekile yonke imihla.
Izixhobo zoMxholo weSifudumezi saManzi
Ikhoyili yentsimbi okanye intonga
Intliziyo yesixhobo ngasinye sokufudumeza samanzi yiikhoyili yentsimbi okanye intonga. Le nxalenye idla ngokwenziwa kwi-nickel-chromium alloy, enceda ukuguqula umbane ube bubushushu ngokukhawuleza nangokulinganayo. Uyilo lwekhoyili, nokuba ithe nkqo okanye i-spiral, ichaphazela indlela afudumeza ngayo amanzi. Iikhoyili ezityebileyo zinokuzisa ubushushu obuninzi kodwa zinokuphela ngokukhawuleza ukuba azipholiswanga kakuhle. Ukukhethwa kwezinto eziphathekayo, kwakhona. Nalu ujongo olukhawulezayo kwizinto eziqhelekileyo kunye neempawu zazo:
| Uhlobo lwezinto eziphathekayo | Ukunyangwa kokuMhlwa | Iimpawu ze-Thermal Conductivity |
|---|---|---|
| Ubhedu | Asezantsi emanzini adlekayo | Phezulu (ukufudumeza okukhawulezayo) |
| Yenziwe ngentsimbi eshayinayo | Phakathi ukuya phezulu | Phakathi |
| I-Icoloy | Kuphezulu (kungcono kumanzi arhabaxa) | Phakathi ukuya phezulu (izinzile kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu) |
Ikhoyili eyenziwe nge-Incoloy isebenza kakuhle kumanzi arhabaxa kuba ixhathisa umhlwa. Ubhedu lutshisa amanzi ngokukhawuleza kodwa aluhlali ixesha elide kwiimeko ezinzima. Insimbi engenasici inika ibhalansi elungileyo phakathi kokuqina kunye nesantya sokufudumeza.
Izikhululo zoMbane
Iitheminali zombane zidibanisa into yokufudumeza amanzi kumbane. Ezi zithuba ezincinci zetsimbi ziphuma kwitanki kwaye ziqinisekise ukuba umbane uhamba ngokukhuselekileyo kwikhoyili. Uqhagamshelo olululo kwiitheminali lugcina isifudumezi sisebenza kakuhle kwaye sikhusela iingxaki zombane. Ukuba iitheminali ziyakhululeka okanye zonakaliswe, ielementi inokuyeka ukusebenza okanye ingakhuseleki. Izitishi zikwasebenza ngokugquma ukugcina umbane ungavuzi emanzini okanye etankini.
I-Insulation kunye ne-Sheath
I-Insulation kunye ne-sheath yangaphandle ikhusela into yokufudumala kwaye incede ihlale ixesha elide. Abavelisi bapakisha i-magnesium oxide powder ngokuqinileyo kwikhoyili. Le nto igcina umbane ngaphakathi kwikhoyili kwaye ihambisa ubushushu emanzini. Isingxobo, esenziwe ngeentsimbi ezifana nobhedu, intsimbi engatyiwa, okanye i-Icoloy, sigquma isigqubuthelo kunye nekhoyili. Ikhusela into emanzini, kwiikhemikhali, kunye namaqhuma. Izinto ezifanelekileyo ze-sheath zinokwenza umahluko omkhulu kwindlela ehlala ngayo ixesha elide, ngakumbi kwiindidi zamanzi ezahlukeneyo.
Ingcebiso: Ukukhetha imathiriyeli yesheath efanelekileyo yohlobo lwakho lwamanzi kunokunceda into yakho yokufudumeza isifudumezi samanzi ukuba ihlale ixesha elide.
Indlela iSifudumezi-manzi esiFudumeza esiGuqulela ngayo uMbane ube bubushushu
Ukuhamba koMbane ngoku
A into yokufudumeza isifudumezi samanziiqala ukusebenza nje ukuba umntu avule umbane. Uninzi lwamakhaya asebenzisa isekethe ye-240-volt kwizifudumezi zabo zamanzi. Isixhobo siqhagamshela kule sekethi ngeetheminali ezomeleleyo zombane. Xa i-thermostat ibona ukuba amanzi abanda kakhulu, ivumela umbane ukuba ungene kwindawo. Ikhoyo ngoku ihamba ngekhoyili yentsimbi okanye intonga ngaphakathi kwetanki.
| Umbane (V) | Uluhlu lwaManzi (W) | Ukusetyenziswa okuqhelekileyo/usetyenziso |
|---|---|---|
| 240 | 1000 - 6000 | Izifudumezi zamanzi ezisemgangathweni zokuhlala |
| 120 | 1000 - 2500 | Izifudumezi zamanzi ezincinci okanye kwindawo yokusetyenziswa |
Into eqhelekileyo yokufudumeza isifudumezi samanzi kwikhaya isebenza kwi-240 volts kwaye inokutsala malunga ne-10 amps ukuba ilinganiswe kwi-2400 watts. Uyilo lwale elementi luhambelana nombane wobonelelo kunye ne-wattage yokuqinisekisa ukuba ifudumeza amanzi ngokukhuselekileyo nangokufanelekileyo. I-thermostat ilawula xa i-elementi ivula okanye icima, igcina amanzi kubushushu obuchanekileyo.
Qaphela: Soloko ubuyisela into yokufudumeza ngenye ehambelana nombane wokuqala kunye namandla ombane. Ukusebenzisa uhlobo olungalunganga kunokubangela ukusebenza kakubi okanye konakalise isifudumezi samanzi.
Ukuchasa kunye nokuVeliswa koBushushu
Umlingo wokwenyani wenzeka ngaphakathi kwikhoyili. Intsimbi ekwindawo yokufudumeza amanzi ixhathisa ukuhamba kombane. Oku kuxhathisa kubangela ukuba ii-electron zigibele kwi-athomu kwintsimbi. Ungquzulwano ngalunye lwenza iiathom zingcangcazele ngokukhawuleza, nto leyo edala ubushushu. Izazinzulu ziyibiza le nkqubo ngokuba yiJoule yokufudumeza.
Ubungakanani bobushushu buxhomekeke kwizinto ezintathu: okwangoku, amandla ombane kunye nokumelana. Iifomula zijongeka ngolu hlobo:
P = I²R okanye P = V²/RApho:
- P = Amandla (ubushushu obuveliswayo, kwiiwatts)
- Mna = Okwangoku (kwi-amperes)
- V = Umbane (ngeevolthi)
- R = Ukuchasa (kwi-ohms)
Ukumelana okuphezulu kwinto kuthetha ukuba ubushushu obuninzi buveliswa xa umbane uqukuqela. Yiyo loo nto ikhoyili isebenzisa iialloyi ezikhethekileyo njengenickel-chromium. Ezi ntsimbi zinokuxhathisa okufanelekileyo ukujika umbane ube bubushushu ngaphandle kokunyibilika okanye ukophuka.
Ingcebiso: Ukuxhathisa kwento yokufudumeza kunye nokhetho lwemathiriyeli qinisekisa ukuba ishushu ngokwaneleyo ukuze ifudumale amanzi kodwa ayishushu kakhulu kangangokuba itsha ngokukhawuleza.
Ukugqithiselwa koBubushushu kuManzi
Nje ukuba ikhoyili ishushu, inyathelo elilandelayo kukufumana obo bushushu emanzini. Isixhobo sokufudumeza samanzi sihlala kanye ngaphakathi kwitanki, singqongwe ngamanzi. Ubushushu buhamba ukusuka kumphezulu wesinyithi oshushu ukuya kumanzi apholileyo ngokuhambisa. Ubume beelementi, ehlala i-spiral okanye i-loop, inika indawo engaphezulu yomphezulu ukuba ichukumise amanzi kwaye idlulise ubushushu ngokukhawuleza.
| Inkqubo yokuTshintshela uBubushushu | Inkcazo | Indima ekuTshintsheni koBubushushu emanzini |
|---|---|---|
| Ukuqhuba | Ubushushu buhamba ngokuthe ngqo kwisiqalelo ukuya emanzini ngokudibana. | Eyona ndlela ingundoqo ubushushu buphuma kwindawo ukuya emanzini. |
| I-Convection | Amanzi afudumeleyo ayenyuka, amanzi apholileyo atshona, edala intshukumo yokuxuba. | Isasaza ubushushu kwitanki, ikhusela iindawo ezishushu. |
| Imitha | Isiphumo esincinci kakhulu kumaqondo obushushu aqhelekileyo obushushu bamanzi. | Akubalulekanga ukufudumeza amanzi. |
Njengoko amanzi akufutshane ne-elementi eshushu, iba khaphukhaphu kwaye inyuke. Amanzi apholileyo ayangena ukuze athathe indawo yawo. Le ntshukumo yendalo, ebizwa ngokuba yi-convection, inceda ukusasaza ubushushu ngokulinganayo ngetanki. Inkqubo iyaqhubeka de onke amanzi afikelele kwiqondo lobushushu obumiselweyo.
Into yokufudumeza ngokwayo iyasebenza kakhulu. Ijika phantse wonke umbane ewusebenzisayo ube bubushushu, phantse nge-100% esebenzayo. Obunye ubushushu bunokuphuma kwitanki, kodwa into ayichithi amandla ngexesha lokuguqulwa. Izifudumezi zamanzi zombane zibetha imifuziselo yegesi kule ndawo, njengoko izifudumezi zegesi ziphulukana namandla athile ngokuphuma nokutshisa.
Ubusazi? Izinga lokufuduswa kobushushu ukusuka kwindawo ukuya emanzini linokutshintsha njengoko amanzi esiba shushu. Ekuqaleni, ukushisa kuhamba ngokukhawuleza njengoko iqondo lokushisa liphakama, kodwa emva kwexesha elithile, inkqubo iyancipha ngenxa yokutshintsha kokuhamba kwamanzi ngaphakathi kwetanki.
ISifudumezi saManzi sokuSetyenziswa kweNgcaciso yeSifudumezi kunye nokuJonga ingxaki
Ukwakhiwa kweMineral kunye nokuKhalisela
Ukwakhiwa kwamaminerali yingxaki eqhelekileyo kwizifudumezi zamanzi, ngakumbi kwiindawo ezinamanzi anzima. Xa iiminerali ezifana ne-calcium kunye ne-magnesium zihlala kwindawo yokufudumeza, zenza umaleko oqinileyo, okhuselayo obizwa ngokuba yi-scale. Lo maleko wenza kube nzima ukuba element ukudlulisa ubushushu emanzini. Ngenxa yoko, i-heater isebenzisa amandla amaninzi kwaye ithatha ixesha elide ukufudumala. Ngokuhamba kwexesha, isikali esityebileyo sinokubangela ukufudumeza okungalinganiyo, ukufudumeza, kunye nokungaphumeleli kwangoko kwento. Ezinye iingxaki ziquka umhlwa, umhlwa, kunye neendleko eziphezulu zokulungisa.
Ezinye iindlela zokuthintela le miba ziquka:
- Ukugungxula itanki rhoqo ukususa intlenga.
- Ukubuyisela intonga ye-anode ukumisa ukubola.
- Ukusebenzisa izinto ezithambisa amanzi okanye izixhobo zokuthintela isikali.
- Ukucwangcisa ulondolozo lonyaka ukugcina yonke into ihamba kakuhle.
Ukugcinwa rhoqo kunye nokucocwa kwamanzi kunceda ukwandisa ubomi kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwesifudumezi sakho samanzi.
Uhlobo lwe-Element kunye nokuSebenza
Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zokufudumala kwamanzi zisebenzisa izinto ezahlukeneyo zokufudumeza, kwaye ukusebenza kwazo kunokuhluka. Izifudumezi zamanzi ezingenatanki zifudumeza amanzi kuphela xa zifuneka, ngoko ke zichitha amandla amancinci. Izifudumezi zetanki zokugcina zigcina amanzi eshushu ngalo lonke ixesha, nto leyo enokukhokelela ekulahlekeni kobushushu. Impompo yokufudumeza kunye nezifudumezi zamanzi elanga zisebenzisa umbane omncinci kwaye zilungele i-eco-friendly.
Nalu uthelekiso olukhawulezayo:
| Uhlobo lwesifudumezi samanzi | Uluhlu olusebenzayo | Uqikelelo lweendleko zoNyaka |
|---|---|---|
| Abangena tanki | 0.80 - 0.99 | $200 - $450 |
| ITanki yokuGcina | 0.67 - 0.95 | $450 - $600 |
| Impompo yobushushu | Phezulu | Ngaphantsi kunombane |
| Ilanga | Ukuya kuthi ga kwi-100% | N / A |
Iimpawu zokungaphumeleli kwezinto
Isixhobo sokufudumeza samanzi sinokusilela ngenxa yezizathu ezininzi. Ezinye iimpawu ekufuneka uzibukele ziquka:
- Amanzi angazange abe shushu ngokupheleleyo.
- Amanzi ashushu aphuma ngokukhawuleza ngexesha lokuhlamba.
- Ukufutha okungaqhelekanga okanye izandi eziphuma etankini.
- Amatyala aphezulu amandla ngaphandle kokusetyenziswa okongeziweyo.
- Amanzi amafu okanye anomhlwa.
- Iihambo ze-circuit breaker rhoqo.
Uninzi lwezinto zokufudumeza zihlala iminyaka emi-6 ukuya kwe-10, kodwa amanzi anzima kunye nokungabikho kokugcinwa kunokunciphisa ubomi babo. Ukuhlolwa rhoqo kunye nokulungiswa ngokukhawuleza kunceda ukuphepha iingxaki ezinkulu kamva.
Ukugcinwa rhoqo kugcina izifudumezi zamanzi zisebenza kakuhle kwaye konga imali ekuhambeni kwexesha. Abaninimzi abayiqondayo indlela esebenza ngayo inkqubo yabo babona iingxaki kwangethuba, amatyala aphantsi kwamandla, kwaye baphephe ukulungiswa okuxabisa imali eninzi. Ukukhetha iimodeli ezifanelekileyo kunye nokulungelelanisa i-thermostat kunceda ukunciphisa impembelelo yokusingqongileyo kunye nokuqinisekisa amanzi ashushu athembekileyo yonke imihla.
FAQ
Kufuneka kangaphi umntu endaweni yesifudumezi-manzi?
Abantu abaninzibuyisela into yokufudumezayonke iminyaka emi-6 ukuya kwe-10. Amanzi aqinileyo anokwenza bufutshane ubomi bawo. Ukuhlolwa rhoqo kunceda ukubona iingxaki kwangethuba.
Ngaba umninikhaya angacoca i-mineral buildup esuka kwindawo yokufudumeza?
Ewe, banakococa isiqalelongokuyisusa kwaye ifakwe kwiviniga. Oku kunceda ukunyibilikisa isikali. Soloko ucima umbane kuqala.
Kwenzeka ntoni xa umntu efakela i-elementi engalunganga yokujonga amanzi?
Isifudumezi-manzi sisenokungafudumezi kakuhle. Inokukhubekisa isaphuli okanye yonakalise itanki. Soloko uthelekisa amandla ombane wesiqalelo kwisindululo somenzi.
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-27-2025