Yintoni iBaluleko leMathiriyeli kwizinto zokufudumeza isifudumezi samanzi

Izinto eziphathekayo ainto yokufudumeza isifudumezi samanziibalulekile ekusebenzeni kwayo. Izinto ezahlukeneyo zinika amandla ahlukeneyo kunye nobuthathaka obuchaphazela ukusebenza kunye nokuqina. Umzekelo, izinto ezithile ziyakwazi ukumelana nokubola kunezinye, nto leyo ekhokelela kumalungu ahlala ixesha elide. Ngokuqonda ezi zakhiwo, abathengi banokwenza izigqibo ezinolwazi xa bekhetha ainto yokufudumeza isifudumezi samanziokanye ainto yokufudumeza amanzi ashushuleyo ihlangabezana kakuhle neemfuno zabo.

Izinto eziphambili zokuThatha

• Khetha izinto zokufudumezangokusekelwe kumgangatho wamanzi. Intsimbi engatyiwayo kunye ne-titanium zixhathisa umhlwa, zizenza zilungele amanzi aqinileyo.
• Qonda iimpawu zemathiriyeli. Ubhedu lufudumeza ngokukhawuleza kodwa lunokugqwala, ngelixa intsimbi engenasici inika ibhalansi yokusebenza kakuhle kunye nokuqina.
• Ukugcinwa rhoqo kwandisa ixesha lokuphila kwezinto zokufudumeza. Imisebenzi elula njengokugungxula itanki inokuthintela ukwakhiwa kwesikali kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle.
• Qwalasela iindleko zexesha elide kumaxabiso okuqala. Ukutyala imali kwizinto ezihlala ixesha elide kunokonga imali ekutshintsheni nasekuhlawuleni amandla.
• Ukubeka iliso kwimimiselo yobushushu bamanzi. Ukugcina isifudumezi kwi-120ºF ukuya kwi-140ºF kunokunciphisa imingcipheko yokutshisa kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla.

Izixhobo eziqhelekileyo zeMicimbi yokufudumeza isifudumezi saManzi

Xa kufikwa kwizinto zokufudumeza izifudumezi zamanzi, izinto ezininzi zivelele. Isixhobo ngasinye sineempawu ezizodwa ezichaphazela ukusebenza kunye nokuphila ixesha elide. Makhe sijonge ngakumbi kwizinto ezintathu eziqhelekileyo: ubhedu, isinyithi esingenasici, kunye ne-nickel-chromium alloys.

Ubhedu

Ubhedu lukhetho oludumileyo lwezinto zokufudumeza ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo okugqwesileyo kokuhambisa ubushushu. Itshisa amanzi ngokukhawuleza, iwenza asebenze ngokufanelekileyo ukusetyenziswa kwangoko. Nangona kunjalo, inezinye iingxaki. Ngokomzekelo, ubhedu alukwazi ukumelana nomhlwa. Ngokuhamba kwexesha, inokuphuhlisa ipatina enokuthi ingcolise umthombo wamanzi. Nantsi uthelekiso olukhawulezayo lwayoizinto eziluncedo nezingeloncedo:

Yenziwe ngentsimbi eshayinayo

Insimbi engenasici yenye inketho ebalaseleyo yokufudumeza izinto. Iyaqhayisaukuxhathisa okuphezulu kwi-corrosion, ephucula ubomi benkonzo yezifudumezi zamanzi. Esi sixhobo sihamba kwinkqubo yokugqithisa eyenza i-oxide ekhuselayo. Lo maleko uthintela ukubola kwaye unokude uzinyange xa ​​wonakele. Nanga amanye amanqaku aphambili malunga nentsimbi engatyiwayo:

• Inokufuna ulondolozo oluncinci ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-30.
• Ukuqina kwayo kwenza ukuba ilungele ukusebenza okuthembekileyo.
• Kukhethwa kakhulu kwiindawo ezinamanzi anzima.

I-Nickel-Chromium Alloys

I-nickel-chromium alloys, edla ngokubizwa ngokuba yi-Nichrome, iyaziwa ngokusebenza kwayo okuphezulu kobushushu. Zineempawu ezininzi ezenza ukuba zilungele izinto zokufudumeza:

Amabakala athile afana ne-80/20 Nichrome kunye ne-70/30 Nichrome aqatshelwa ngokukodwa ngokuzinza kunye nokusebenza phantsi kokushisa okuphezulu.

Ukukhetha imathiriyeli efanelekileyokwisixhobo sokufudumeza kwizicelo zesifudumezi samanzi sinokuchaphazela kakhulu ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokuphila ixesha elide. Ukuqonda ezi zixhobo kunceda abathengi benze izigqibo ezizizo.

I-Titanium

I-Titanium ibalasele njengokhetho lweprimiyamu kwizinto zokufudumeza zamanzi. Esi sixhobo sibonelela ngeenzuzo eziphawulekayo ezenza ukuba zilungele iimeko ezithile. Esinye sezizathu eziphambili zokuba abantu bakhethe i-titanium yinto emangalisayoukumelana nomhlwa. Lo mgangatho ubaluleke kakhulu kwiindawo eziqinileyo zamanzi, apho ukwakhiwa kwamaminerali kunokuba ngumcimbi obalulekileyo.

Nazi ezinye iingenelo eziphambili zezinto zokufudumeza i-titanium:

• Ukunyangwa kokuMhlwa: I-Titanium ixhathisa ukubola ngcono kunezinye izinto ezininzi. Oku kuthetha ukuba ingahlala ixesha elide, naphantsi kweemeko zamanzi eziyimingeni.
• Ukuqhekeka okumbalwa: Abasebenzisi bahlala bexela ukophuka okumbalwa kunye nokutshintshwa okuncinci rhoqo xa usebenzisa izinto ze-titanium. Oku kuthembeka kunokonga ixesha kunye nemali ekuhambeni kwexesha.
• Uyilo lweWatt ephantsi: Ubuninzi be-watt obuphantsi bezinto ze-titanium kunceda ukunciphisa iidipozithi zezimbiwa. Olu phawu luphucula ubomi bezifudumezi zamanzi, zenze ukuba zisebenze kakuhle ekuhambeni kwexesha.

Ingcebiso: Ukuba uhlala kwindawo enamanzi aqinileyo, cinga ngokutyala imali kwindawo yokufudumeza i-titanium. Inokukusindisa kwingxaki yokulungiswa rhoqo kunye nokutshintshwa.

Ukongeza kwezi zibonelelo, i-titanium ilula kwaye kulula ukuyifaka. Oku kuyenza ibe lukhetho olusebenzayo kuzo zombini ufakelo olutsha kunye nokutshintshwa. Ngelixa i-titanium inokuza neendleko eziphezulu zangaphambili xa kuthelekiswa nezinye izinto, ukusebenza kwayo kwexesha elide kuhlala kuthethelela utyalo-mali.

Ngokubanzi, izinto zokufudumeza i-titanium zibonelela ngesisombululo esithembekileyo nesisebenzayo kwiimfuno zokufudumala kwamanzi. Ngokuqonda iimpawu ezizodwa ze-titanium, abathengi banokwenza ukhetho olunolwazi olukhokelela ekusebenzeni kakuhle kunye nokuphila ixesha elide kwizifudumezi zabo zamanzi.

Iipropati zeMathiriyeli ye-Element yokufudumeza

Niniukukhetha into yokufudumezakwizicelo zesifudumezi-manzi, ukuqonda iimpawu zemathiriyeli ezahlukeneyo kubalulekile. Iipropati ezintathu eziphambili zivelele: i-conductivity, ukumelana nokubola, kunye nokwandiswa kwe-thermal. Nganye yale miba idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekusebenzeni kunye nobude bezinto zokufudumeza.

Ukuqhuba

I-Conductivity ibhekiselele kwisakhono sesixhobo sokuqhuba umbane kunye nobushushu. Le propati ibalulekile kwizinto zokufudumeza, njengoko ichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukuba banokufudumeza kangakanani na ngokukhawuleza nangokufanelekileyo amanzi. Nalu ujongo olukhawulezileyo kwindlela izinto ezahlukeneyo eziqokelelana ngayo ngokwemigaqo yokuqhuba:

Ngokomzekelo, i-Copper ine-conductivity egqwesileyo ye-thermal, evumela ukuba ifudumeze amanzi ngokukhawuleza. Nangona kunjalo, ukuxhathisa kwayo okuphantsi kwe-corrosion kunokuba yintsilelo kwiindawo ezithile. Kwelinye icala,insimbi engenasici inika ibhalansiphakathi kwe-conductivity kunye nokuqina, okwenza kube lukhetho oludumileyo kwii-heaters zamanzi ezininzi.

Ukunyangwa kokuMhlwa

Ukumelana nomhlwa yenye impahla ebalulekileyo ekufuneka iqwalaselwe. Izinto zokufudumeza zihlala zisebenza kwindawo apho zidibana khona namanzi, nto leyo enokukhokelela ekudlekeni ekuhambeni kwexesha. Izinto eziphathekayo ezinokumelana nokukhula okuphezulu kunokwandisa kakhulu ixesha lokuphila kwezinto zokufudumeza. Nalu uthelekiso lwemathiriyeli eqhelekileyo:

Insimbi engenasici kunye ne-Incoloy lukhetho oluhle kakhulu lweendawo ezinamanzi anzima, njengoko zixhathisa ukubola ngokufanelekileyo. Oku kuxhathisa akugcini nje ukwandisa ukuqina kodwa kunciphisa iimfuno zokulondoloza.

Ukwandiswa kweThermal

Ukwandiswa kwe-thermal kubhekiselele ekubeni ingakanani into eyandayo okanye inkontileka xa ifudunyezwa okanye ipholile. Le propati ibalulekile ekugcineni ingqibelelo yezinto zokufudumeza ngexesha. I-coefficients engahambelaniyo yokwandiswa kwe-thermal phakathi kwezixhobo ezahlukeneyo kunokukhokelela kwimibandela emininzi:

• Ukuqhekeka okanye ukuguqulwa kwamalungu
• Ukukhathazeka okanye ukucaphuka phakathi kwezixhobo ezifanayo
• I-thermocouple wire okanye i-sensor connections ezonakalisiwe
• Ukungaphumeleli kwesifudumezi okanye ukungazinzi kwe-loop

Njengoko izinto zokufudumeza zifumana imijikelo yokufudumeza okuphindaphindiweyo kunye nokupholisa, ukudinwa kwe-thermal kunokukhula. Oku kukhathala kwenza buthathaka isakhiwo kwaye kunokukhokelela ekungaphumelelini. Ke ngoko, ukukhetha izixhobo ezinamazinga ahambelana nokwandiswa kwe-thermal kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthembeka.

1. Ukudinwa kwe-thermal kukhulanjengoko izinto zifumana ukufudumeza okuphindaphindiweyo kunye nemijikelo yokupholisa, ukwenza buthathaka isakhiwo.
2. Ukwandiswa kwe-thermal kunye nokunciphisa kudala uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi, olunokubangela ukungqubana okanye ukuqhekeka.
3. Ngokuhamba kwexesha, izinto eziphathekayo ziyancipha kwaye ziphelelwa ngamandla, ezinye ziba brittle.

Ngokuqonda ezi zakhiwo, abathengi banokwenza izigqibo ezinolwazi xa bekhetha into yokufudumala kwizicelo zokufudumeza kwamanzi. Ukukhetha izinto ezifanelekileyo kunokukhokelela ekusebenzeni kakuhle, ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla, kunye nokuphila ixesha elide.

Iimpembelelo zokuSebenza kweMathiriyeli ye-Element Element

Xa kuziwa kwizinto zokufudumeza izifudumezi zamanzi, ukhetho lwezinto eziphathekayo luchaphazela kakhulu ukusebenza. Makhe sihlolisiseindlela izinto ezahlukeneyo ezichaphazela ngayoukusebenza kakuhle kokufudumeza, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla, kunye nexesha lokuphila kwezi zixhobo zibalulekileyo.

UkuSebenza ngokuFanelekileyo

Ukufudumeza ngobuchule kubhekisa kwindlela esebenzayo into yokufudumeza iguqula amandla ombane abe bubushushu. Izinto ezahlukeneyo zibonisa amanqanaba ahlukeneyo e-thermal conductivity, echaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukuba banokutshisa kangakanani amanzi.Nalu ujongo olukhawulezayo kwindlela imathiriyeli eqhelekileyo eqokelelana ngayo:

Njengoko ubona, ubhedu lutshisa amanzi ngokukhawuleza, nto leyo eyenza ukuba asebenze ngokufanelekileyo ukusetyenziswa ngokukhawuleza. Nangona kunjalo, ukunganyangeki kwayo komhlwa kunokukhokelela kubomi obufutshane. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, insimbi engenasici inika ibhalansi phakathi kokusebenza kakuhle kokufudumeza kunye nokuqina. Ngelixa kunokuthatha ixesha elide ukufudumeza amanzi, ukuxhathisa kwayo ekudlekeni kuthetha ukuba ingahlala ixesha elide. I-Incoloy ibalasele ngokusebenza kwayo okuphezulu kumaqondo obushushu aphakamileyo, iyenza ibe lolona khetho lufanelekileyo kwizicelo ezifunayo.

Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla

Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla yenye into ebalulekileyo ekufuneka iqwalaselwe. Izinto zezinto zokufudumeza zinokuphembelela ukuba angakanani amandla asetyenziswa sisifudumezi samanzi. Izinto ezisebenzayo ngakumbi zinokunciphisa iindleko zamandla ngokuhamba kwexesha. Umzekelo, isifudumezi samanzi esinento yokufudumeza yobhedu sinokufudumeza amanzi ngokukhawuleza kodwa sinokukhokelela kumatyala aphezulu amandla ngenxa yesidingo saso esithe rhoqo sokutshintshwa. Ngokwahlukileyo, insimbi engenasici kunye ne-Incoloy inokuba neendleko eziphezulu ngaphambili kodwa inokugcina imali kwixesha elide ngenxa yokuqina kwazo kunye neemfuno zokugcinwa okuphantsi.

Ingcebiso: Xa ukhetha into yokufudumeza kwizixhobo zesifudumezi-manzi, qwalasela kungekuphela nje iindleko zokuqala kodwa nokonga umbane okunokwenzeka ekuhambeni kwexesha. Isixhobo esisebenza ngakumbi sinokukhokelela kumatyala aphantsi amandla.

Ubomi bezinto zokufudumeza

Ubomi bezinto zokufudumeza buhluka kakhulu ngokusekelwe kwizinto ezisetyenzisiweyo. Izinto zobhedu zinokufuna ukutshintshwa rhoqo emva kweminyaka embalwa ngenxa yokubola, ngelixa isinyithi esingenasici sinokuhlala ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-30 kunye nokugcinwa okuncinci. I-Incoloy, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-corrosion resistance resistance, inokubonelela ngobomi obude benkonzo, ngakumbi kwiimeko ezinzima zamanzi.

Ukukhetha into yokufudumeza kwizicelo zesifudumezi-manzi kubandakanya ukulinganisa le miba. Into ehlala ixesha elide inokubiza ngaphezulu kwangaphambili kodwa inokonga imali kunye nobunzima ekuhambeni kwexesha.

Ukuthelekisa i-Heating Element Materials

Niniukukhetha into yokufudumezakwizicelo zokufudumeza kwamanzi, ukuthelekisa izinto kunceda abathengi benze izigqibo ezinolwazi. Masicazulule imiba emithathu engundoqo: ixabiso xa lithelekiswa nokusebenza, iimfuno zolondolozo, kunye nefuthe lokusingqongileyo.

Iindleko vs. Ukusebenza

Iindleko zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekukhetheni izinto zokufudumeza.Nalu uthelekiso olukhawulezayo lwezinto eziqhelekileyo:

Ubhedu luhlala lulona khetho lufikelelekayo, kodwa ukusebenza kwalo kunokubandezeleka emanzini anzima. Insimbi engenasici inikezela ngolungelelwaniso phakathi kweendleko kunye nokuphila ixesha elide, ngelixa i-titanium, nangona i-pricier, ibonelela ngokuzinzileyo.

IiMfuneko zoLondolozo

Ukugcinwa rhoqo kubalulekile kuzo zonke iindidi zezifudumezi zamanzi. Nantsi eminye imisebenzi yolondolozo eqhelekileyo:

• Khupha kwaye ugungxule itanki ukunciphisa ukwakheka kwentlenga.
• Vavanya ivalve yokukhulula uxinzelelo ukuqinisekisa ukuba isebenza ngokufanelekileyo.
• Buyisela intonga ye-anode ukukhusela umhlwa kunye nokubola.
• Coca indibano yesitshisi ukususa inkunkuma.

Izinto zokufudumeza ezenziwe kwizinto ezahlukeneyo zifuna ukunakekelwa okuthe ngqo. Njengokuba,izinto zentsimbi engenasicizifuna ukulungiswa rhoqo ngenxa yokunganyangeki komhlwa. Ngokwahlukileyo, izinto zobhedu zinokufuna ingqalelo engakumbi ukukhusela ukubola.

Impembelelo yokusingqongileyo

Impembelelo yokusingqongileyo yezinto zokufudumeza izinto ziyahluka. Nantsi ukujonga ngokukhawuleza:

Ukukhetha izixhobo ezineempembelelo eziphantsi zokusingqongileyo kunokukhokelela kwizisombululo ezizinzileyo zokufudumeza kwamanzi. Insimbi engenasici, umzekelo, ayihlali nje ixesha elide kodwa inciphisa isidingo semithombo emitsha.

Ngokulinganisa ezi zinto, abathengi banokukhetha eyona nto ingcono yokufudumeza kwiimfuno zabo zesifudumezi samanzi.

Imiba eqhelekileyo eNxulumene noKhetho lweMathiriyeli yoMfudumezo

Xa ukhetha into yokufudumeza kwizicelo zesifudumezi samanzi, imiba emininzi eqhelekileyo inokuvela. Ukuqonda ezi ngxaki kunokunceda abathengi benze ukhetho olungcono.

Isikali Buildup

I-Scale buildup ngumba oqhelekileyo kwizifudumezi zamanzi. Kwenzeka xa iiminerali, ngakumbi i-calcium, iqokelela kwizinto zokufudumeza. Olu lwakhiwo lunokunciphisa ukusebenza kakuhle kokufudumeza kwaye lukhokelela kwiindleko eziphezulu zamandla. Ukunciphisa ukwakheka kwesikali, qwalasela la manyathelo okuthintela:

• Beka esweni iqondo lobushushu: Gcina ubushushu beheater yamanzi phakathi120ºF kunye ne-140ºFukunciphisa ukwakhiwa kwe-calcium.
• Tyala imali kwi-Softener yamanzi: Esi sixhobo sisusa i-calcium ion emanzini phambi kokuba ingene kwisifudumezi.
• Sebenzisa izixhobo zokucocwa kwamanzi: Ezi zixhobo zinceda ukukhusela i-calcium buildup kwizifudumezi zamanzi.
• Qhuba uLondolozo lwarhoqo: Yenza i-descale flushes usebenzisa izisombululo ze-acidic ukuze unciphise kwaye ususe i-calcium buildup.
• Izihluzi eziyilwe Ngokukodwa: Ezi zihluzo zinciphisa ukuqokelelwa kwesikali kutshintshiselwano lobushushu ngaphandle kweekhemikhali okanye umbane.

Iingxaki zoMhlwa

Ukonakala kunokuchaphazela kakhulu ubomi bezinto zokufudumeza. Izixhobo ezahlukeneyo zijongene nemingeni ekhethekileyo yokubola. Nantsi ukujonga ngokukhawulezaiingxaki zomhlwa eziqhelekileyoehambelana nezixhobo ezahlukeneyo zokufudumeza:

Umhlwa unokuba mandundu ngenxa yezinto ezifanaamanqanaba e-pH aphantsi, amazinga aphezulu okuhamba, kunye nobukho beegesi ezinyibilikileyo. Abasebenzisi-nkonzo kufuneka baqaphele umgangatho wamanzi wabo wengingqi ukunciphisa le mingcipheko.

Imingcipheko yokutshisa ngokugqithisileyo

Ukushisa ngokugqithiseleyo kunokubeka ingozi enkulu kwiinkqubo zokufudumeza kwamanzi.Isetingi ze-thermostat ezingalungiswanga kakuhlekudla ngokukhokelela ekutshiseni ngokugqithisileyo ngokubangela ukuba isifudumezi samanzi sisebenze ngaphandle koluhlu lwaso lwesiqhelo lobushushu. Abanye oonobangela baquka:

• IiThermostats ezingasebenzi kakuhle: Ezi zinokuqhubeka zinika amandla izinto zokufudumeza, ezikhokelela kumanzi ashushu ngokugqithisileyo.
• Ukuqokelelwa kweziMbiwa: Umaleko wentlenga unokunyanzela izinto zokufudumeza ukuba zisebenze nzima, nto leyo ekhokelela ekufudumezweni.
• IValve yokuNceda ngoxinzelelo oluThintelweyo: Oku kunokuthintela ukukhutshwa komphunga, kubangela ukuba iyunithi ishushu kakhulu.

Ukunciphisa imingcipheko yokutshisa kakhulu, cinga ngokuthoba iqondo lobushushu kwisifudumezisi sakho samanzi ukuya kufutshane120 degrees Fahrenheitngeenyanga ezishushu. Olu lungelelaniso lunokunceda ukuthintela ukushisa nokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla.

Ukukhetha imathiriyeli efanelekileyoizinto zokufudumeza kwizifudumezi zamanzi ziyimfuneko ekusebenzeni ngokufanelekileyo. Abathengi kufuneka baqwalasele izinto ezininzi, kubandakanya:

• Ukuhambelana kwezinto: Izinto ezahlukeneyo ezifana nentsimbi engenasicikunye nobhedu benza ngokwahlukileyo ngokusekelwe kumgangatho wamanzi.
• Ukunyangwa kokuMhlwa: Insimbi engenasici iyamelana nomhlwa, ngelixa ubhedu lunokugqwala kwiintlobo ezithile zamanzi.
• Impembelelo yoMgangatho waManzi: Amanzi aqinileyo angakhokelela ekwakhiweni kwesikali, okuchaphazela ubomi obude besifudumezi.

Ukuqonda ezi zakhiwo kunokukhokelela ekusebenzeni kakuhle kwamandla kunye neenkqubo ezihlala ixesha elide. izixhobo Advanced ezifanaI-Ikoloyi kunye ne-titaniumzinika ukuqina kunye nokuthembeka okukhethekileyo. Ekugqibeleni, ukulinganisa iingenelo kunye neengozi zohlobo ngalunye lwemathiriyeli kunceda abathengi benze izigqibo ezizizo ezihambelana neemfuno zabo.

FAQ

Yeyiphi imathiriyeli efanelekileyo yezinto zokufudumeza amanzi?

Eyona nto ingcono ixhomekeke kumgangatho wakho wamanzi. Kumanzi aqinileyo, insimbi engenasici okanye i-titanium ifanelekile ngenxa yokunganyangeki kwe-corrosion. Ubhedu lusebenza kakuhle kumanzi athambileyo kodwa lunokonakala ngokukhawuleza.

Kufuneka ndibuyisele kangaphi indawo yam yesifudumezi?

Ngokuqhelekileyo, izinto zokufudumeza zihlala phakathi kweminyaka emi-5 ukuya kwe-15. Ukugcinwa rhoqo kunokwandisa ubomi babo. Ukuba uqaphela ukusebenza okuncitshisiweyo okanye ukonakaliswa rhoqo, cinga ukuyibuyisela kwamsinyane.

Ndingasebenzisa into yokufudumeza ubhedu kumanzi aqinileyo?

Ukusebenzisa into yokufudumala yobhedu emanzini anzima akukhuthazwa. Inokonakala ngokukhawuleza, ikhokelela ekungcolisekeni kunye nokunciphisa ukusebenza kakuhle. Khetha insimbi engenasici okanye i-titanium ukuze usebenze ngcono.

Ndingakuthintela njani ukwakheka kwesikali kwisifudumezi sam samanzi?

Ukuthintela ukwakheka kwesikali, gcina ubushushu bamanzi phakathi kwe-120ºF kunye ne-140ºF. Cinga ngokufakela isithambisi samanzi kwaye wenze ulondolozo lwarhoqo, kuquka nokugungxulwa kwetanki ukususa intlenga.

Ziziphi iimpawu zento yokufudumeza engasebenziyo?

Iimpawu zokusilela kokufudumeza zibandakanya ubushushu bamanzi obungahambelaniyo, ingxolo engaqhelekanga, okanye ukubola okubonakalayo. Ukuba uyaqaphela le miba, lixesha lokuhlola okanye ukubuyisela into yokufudumeza.

Jin Wei

Injineli yeMveliso ePhezulu

Ngeminyaka eyi-10 yamava kwi-R & D yezixhobo zokufudumeza zombane, siye sabandakanyeka kakhulu kwintsimi yezinto zokufudumeza kwaye sinokuqokelela okunzulu kobugcisa kunye nobuchule bokusungula.

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